With the globalization being the frontier of every system, the rate of educational immigration is increasing than ever before. The term "brain drain" was originated for the first by the Royal Society to describe the emigration of "scientists and technologists" to North America from post-war Europe, but this is becoming in India also. During the 1980s and 90s nearly 30% of the population tend to relocate from their native to a western nation with a need to look for lucrative position and business opportunities. Moreover, many students started moving abroad just because they couldn’t get a place in a meritorious university. On the other side, many parents of students are under the strong influence of prestige and social status which make them think of settling abroad. In general brain drain is when the local talent goes in search of better option by temporarily or permanently leaving their country , however many are returning back after working in foreign nations which is good in some ways. Due to the effects of brain drain, top 30% of the talent moves ashore while leaving behind others and this can make a huge difference in the depth that our local talent has. Let us delineate the causes, effects and remedies of brain drain on our system.

Why brain drain?

In general it is called human capital flight (HCF). Being predominantly depending upon the service sector, we are losing the most challenging brains in the form of HCF. Although the reasons vary from person to Person, yet, on the broader perspective some of the national, global and social issues posing a greatest influence on the work force we have today. On the social front, people follow masses and this is the reason many are trying to leave their mother nation. In other words, if a distant relative or a friend or the member of your peer group occupies a position in the western nation, you seem to be insecure as you also want to do the same. This can substantially affect the country of origin because for no reason you might sometimes decide to leave. On the economic point of view,  it is a natural tendency to move up the career ladder therefore, one might relocate for a higher position or better incentive than the current job and this is not a bad idea however, in the long run, we can imagine if almost all of us leave the country! On the personal context, working or studying abroad is a symbolic expression of supremacy and drive to explore the work. It adds an additional star to the experience certificates or academic reports of a student. Another reason that is attracting many to move abroad is the change that it brings on one`s personal pride. Above all, some family and community oriented circumstances tend to force someone to settle abroad. On the educational front many students aspiring a higher degree is one of the principal reasons behind permanent immigration. As we can see that sky-rocketing cut-offs for admissions in the best Indian universities, many students urge to extend their step towards western nations in search of good universities. Additionally, some of the factors linked to brain drain includes the lack of freedom, absence of research facilities in the home country, employment discrimination, economic underdevelopment and poor working conditions. Some of the pull factors ( attractions from foreign nations) responsible for uncontrolled brain drain include relatively stable political environment, a modernized educational system to allow for superior training, intellectual freedom , superior economic outlook , the prestige of foreign training, , and rich cultures.

Consequences of brain drain

 The impact of unrestrained migration can be both positive and negative depending upon various factors. Countries like China and India where there is billions of population, it is hardly matters however there can be negative impact if the sentiment of the people revolved around frequent immigration rather than being stable. Some of the effects of brain drain reflect on the balance of the system in terms of economic, political, social, and cultural perspectives.

• A country`s monetary reserves largely rely on the revenues and taxes levied on people. It is very well known that an individual pays taxes into the country where he is working, therefore it is a bad idea to let the host country lose tax revenues by letting lot of people fly.
• Another impact of mass colonization is the loss of potential future entrepreneurs, scientists, doctors and many other categories of servicemen which can have direct negative influence on the nation`s talent . In many countries, this had led to the shortage of important, skilled workers in many countries with India being the victim of forefront.
• Loss of a highly qualified and experienced manpower lead to loss of many innovative ideas which can eventually impact the quality of teaching and training.
• Health care something that really need to keep in mind as there is a substantial loss of many resources including loss of critical health services.
• There is also chance for cultural conflict between societies and communities when mass immigration happens in any system.

In a nut shell, today’s globalized world is highly dependent on quality manpower development through higher education.  It is very much necessary to retain and nurture the manpower. Skilled and professional manpower is an integral, inseparable and very valuable asset. There was a time when manual labor and muscle power was immensely important but today, with the advent of technology, the emphasis has transferred to brain” power, which is now in short supply.

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